MSVCP140.dll and VCRUNTIME140.dll are separate files in the Microsoft Visual C++ runtime ecosystem. They serve different runtime functions, and an application compiled with Microsoft C++ can depend on both. Fixing one missing file does not guarantee the application has every companion dependency it needs.
What MSVCP140.dll provides
MSVCP140.dll contains portions of the Microsoft C++ standard library implementation used by compiled C++ applications. Programs may rely on it for standard library behaviors such as containers, strings, streams, and other runtime functionality.
What VCRUNTIME140.dll provides
VCRUNTIME140.dll contains lower-level Visual C++ runtime support used by compiled binaries. The two libraries are complementary rather than interchangeable, so renaming one file to the other cannot solve a dependency error.
Why both errors can appear
An incomplete runtime installation may leave multiple dependencies unavailable. An app can report the first missing file it encounters; after that file is restored, it may reveal another. This is one reason full runtime repair is usually more reliable than one-file replacement.
Use the error message carefully
If the application names MSVCP140.dll, start with the runtime package and application installation rather than assuming VCRUNTIME140.dll is unrelated. Treat the runtime as a dependency family and confirm architecture and version consistency.